Factors that Negatively Effect Fetal Development Essay -- essays resea

Factors that Negatively Effect Fetal Development expectant women that fumigate cigarettes on a daily basis nookie greatly harm their fetus. The Tobacco smoke in cigarettes greatly reduces fetal result through the presence of nicotine, carbon monoxide, hydrogen cyanide, cadmium and various other(a) aromatic hydrocarbons, but the two most dangerous chemicals that are rear in cigarettes are nicotine and carbon monoxide. Nicotine inducts the babies heart rate to speed up, reduces placental vascularisation, constricts the placental arteries, and thickens the endothelium of placental blood vessels. This creates a reduction in the placental blood flow, and further reductions in oxygen deli very. As well nicotine interferes with the mightiness of the placenta to feed the baby the nutrients it requires. on that pointfore the babies growth is slowed down. Carbon monoxide causes growing cells to be starved of oxygen, and effects the brain. This can lead to a low wear weight and higher chance of the baby dying at birth. take is the single largest modifiable( changeable) risk factor in fetal growth retardation. agnate smoking during maternal quality is also associated with genetic defects as well as an increased incidence of noninheritable malformations such as cleft palates, microcephalus, and clubfoot. Mothers who smoke unriv tout ensembleed pack a day during pregnancy have an 85% increased risk of having a child with mental retardation. Mothers that smoke during their pregnancy have double the chance of having a child with behavural problems.Another one of the biggest factors that disrupts fetal growth and development is intoxicant. This is a very common amount of money abuse of pregnant women. Everytime the pregnant mother is drinking, her fetus is also drinking. The alcohol crosses the placental barrier, and goes directly into the fetuss liver. The ethanol found in alcohol may impair the nutrient support of the fetus. Acetaldehyde, a major metabolite, c rosses the placenta and is teratogenic. Since the alcohol stay in the fetus for a long time, the small liver is uneffective to metabolize the alcohol. The alcohol also travels through the blood stream leaving directly to the babys brain, and this can damage the central nervous system. The common, severe, and hazardous ramp effect that happens to the fetus because of alcohol is Fetal Alcohol Syndrome. This is a very serious side effect that has lasting and sometimes ... ...e the death of the fetus. gravid women should distant themselves from heavy metals. such as, lead and methyl mercury which can harm the fetus.All pregnant women should be aware and cautious nigh contacting a disease. Some of the diseases are fatal and very hazardous to the fetus, opus some only have minor effects on the fetus. many an(prenominal) of the diseases contacted by pregnant mothers are sexually contacted diseases. Some examples of these diseases are Aids, and Gonorrhea. There are also other non-r elated diseases such as, Rubella, and Toxoplasmolisis and, which can modify the fetus.Toxoplasmolisis is a bacterial infection. This is a parasitic disease that can effect the fetus, by causing growth retardation.Another harmful disease that can affect the fetus is Rubella or otherwise called German Measles. Pregnant muliebrity that have Rubella during the first trimester can effect the fetus and cause a syndrome of birth defects called congenital rubella syndrome. This can cause deafness, cataracts, congenital heart disease, and mental retardation.In conclusion, pregnant women should try to avoid all substances that can be potentially harmful to the fetus within them.